Rates and thresholds for employers 2022 to 2023

The post Rates and thresholds for employers 2022 to 2023 article about Blog insurance this times many people want to know !! Today, Begin insuranceblog find Rates and thresholds for employers 2022 to 2023 more this post ! You are watching nội dung : “Rates and thresholds for employers 2022 to 2023” Đánh giá về Rates and thresholds for employers 2022 to 2023

Quick view
Rishi Sunak has made a range of changes to the rates and thresholds for national insurance for the 2022/2023 tax year

Changes were made at both the 2021 Budget and 2022 spring statement so in this video, I am going to discuss how all the new NIC changes are going to impact you and your take home pay. National insurance contributions are a sneaky form of taxes so they could impact your take home pay much more than you may first think

Be sure to check out these recent videos of mine to learn more about the world of tax:

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhpPDH1pmPV4XI25PcD2ewqUvxWQqlQnH

————————————
-- Courses--
FREE Finance Tracker - https://gumroad.com/l/finance-tracker-spreadsheet
FREE Income Tax Template - https://gumroad.com/l/IncomeTaxTemplate
Personal Tax Masterclass - https://makingtaxsimple.gumroad.com/l/PersonalTaxMasterclass
Real Time Crypto and Stocks Tracker and Guidance - https://gumroad.com/l/CGTandCryptoTaxEssentials
————————————
Socials:
Twitter - https://twitter.com/MakingTaxSimpl1
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/makingtaxsimpleuk/
————————————
If you do have any comments or suggestions about how I could improve the videos or topics that you would like to see me cover then comment those underneath the video and I will get back to you!

Be sure to:
Subscribe,
Like,
Comment,
and Share!

—————————————

Please note that these videos and comments are for education and entertainment purposes only. All information that I provide is believed to be correct but please be aware that there may be inaccuracies.

#taxation #learnabouttax #financialeducation


The Health and Social Care Levy is no longer going ahead.

The temporary 1.25 percentage point increase in National Insurance rates has been reversed for the rest of the financial year.

The introduction of a separate Health and Social Care Levy tax in April 2023 has been cancelled.

Unless otherwise stated, the following figures apply from 6 April 2022 to 5 April 2023.

PAYE tax and Class 1 National Insurance contributions

PAYE tax and Class 1 National Insurance contributions

You normally operate PAYE as part of your payroll so HMRC can collect Income Tax and National Insurance from your employees.

Your payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance to deduct from your employees’ pay. If you decide to run payroll yourself, you can find payroll software.

Watch more videos on the same topic : National Insurance Changes that YOU Need to Know About! – 2022/2023 Tax Year

Video Description

Rishi Sunak has made a range of changes to the rates and thresholds for national insurance for the 2022/2023 tax yearnnChanges were made at both the 2021 Budget and 2022 spring statement so in this video, I am going to discuss how all the new NIC changes are going to impact you and your take home pay. National insurance contributions are a sneaky form of taxes so they could impact your take home pay much more than you may first thinknnBe sure to check out these recent videos of mine to learn more about the world of tax:nnhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhpPDH1pmPV4XI25PcD2ewqUvxWQqlQnHnn————————————n– Courses–nFREE Finance Tracker – https://gumroad.com/l/finance-tracker-spreadsheetnFREE Income Tax Template – https://gumroad.com/l/IncomeTaxTemplatenPersonal Tax Masterclass – https://makingtaxsimple.gumroad.com/l/PersonalTaxMasterclassnReal Time Crypto and Stocks Tracker and Guidance – https://gumroad.com/l/CGTandCryptoTaxEssentialsn————————————nSocials:nTwitter – https://twitter.com/MakingTaxSimpl1nInstagram – https://www.instagram.com/makingtaxsimpleuk/n————————————nIf you do have any comments or suggestions about how I could improve the videos or topics that you would like to see me cover then comment those underneath the video and I will get back to you!nnBe sure to:nSubscribe,nLike,nComment,nand Share!nn—————————————nnPlease note that these videos and comments are for education and entertainment purposes only. All information that I provide is believed to be correct but please be aware that there may be inaccuracies.nn#taxation #learnabouttax #financialeducation

Tax thresholds, rates and codes

Tax thresholds, rates and codes

The amount of Income Tax you deduct from your employees depends on their tax code and how much of their taxable income is above their Personal Allowance.

England and Northern Ireland

England and Northern Ireland
PAYE tax rates and thresholds 2022 to 2023
Employee personal allowance £242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year
English and Northern Irish basic tax rate 20% on annual earnings above the PAYE tax threshold and up to £37,700
English and Northern Irish higher tax rate 40% on annual earnings from £37,701 to £150,000
English and Northern Irish additional tax rate 45% on annual earnings above £150,000

Scotland

Scotland
PAYE tax rates and thresholds 2022 to 2023
Employee personal allowance £242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year
Scottish starter tax rate 19% on annual earnings above the PAYE tax threshold and up to £2,162
Scottish basic tax rate 20% on annual earnings from £2,163 to £13,118
Scottish intermediate tax rate 21% on annual earnings from £13,119 to £31,092
Scottish higher tax rate 41% on annual earnings from £31,093 to £150,000
Scottish top tax rate 46% on annual earnings above £150,000

✅ People also view : post office travel insurance

Wales

Wales
PAYE tax rates and thresholds 2022 to 2023
Employee personal allowance £242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year
Welsh basic tax rate 20% on annual earnings above the PAYE tax threshold and up to £37,700
Welsh higher tax rate 40% on annual earnings from £37,701 to £150,000
Welsh additional tax rate 45% on annual earnings above £150,000

Emergency tax codes

Emergency tax codes

The emergency tax codes from 6 April 2022 are:

  • 1257L W1
  • 1257L M1
  • 1257L X

Find out more about emergency tax codes.

Class 1 National Insurance thresholds

Class 1 National Insurance thresholds

You can only make National Insurance deductions on earnings above the lower earnings limit.

Class 1 National Insurance thresholds 2022 to 2023
Lower earnings limit £123 per week£533 per month£6,396 per year
Primary threshold 6 April 2022 to 5 July 2022:

£190 per week£823 per month£9,880 per year

6 July 2022 to 5 April 2023:

£242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year

DirectorsFor the whole tax year:

£229 per week£11,908 per year

Secondary threshold £175 per week£758 per month£9,100 per year
Freeport upper secondary threshold £481 per week£2,083 per month£25,000 per year
Upper secondary threshold (under 21) £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year
Apprentice upper secondary threshold (apprentice under 25) £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year
Veterans upper secondary threshold £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year
Upper earnings limit £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year

Class 1 National Insurance rates

Class 1 National Insurance rates

✅ People also view : rac car insurance

Employee (primary) contribution rates from 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022

Employee (primary) contribution rates from 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022

Deduct primary contributions (employee’s National Insurance) from your employees’ pay through PAYE.

National Insurance category letter Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including primary threshold Earnings above the primary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit
A 0% 13.25% 3.25%
B 0% 7.1% 3.25%
C nil nil nil
F (Freeport) 0% 13.25% 3.25%
H (apprentice under 25) 0% 13.25% 3.25%
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) 0% 7.1% 3.25%
J 0% 3.25% 3.25%
L (Freeport — deferment) 0% 3.25% 3.25%
M (under 21) 0% 13.25% 3.25%
S (Freeport — state pensioner) nil nil nil
V (veteran) 0% 13.25% 3.25%
Z (under 21 — deferment) 0% 3.25% 3.25%

Employer (secondary) contribution rates from 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022

Employer (secondary) contribution rates from 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022

You pay secondary contributions (employer’s National Insurance) to HMRC as part of your PAYE bill. Find out more about running payroll and paying HMRC.

Pay employers’ PAYE tax and National Insurance.

National Insurance category letter Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including secondary threshold Earnings above secondary threshold up to and including Freeport upper secondary threshold Earnings above Freeport upper secondary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans
A 0% 15.05% 15.05% 15.05%
B 0% 15.05% 15.05% 15.05%
C 0% 15.05% 15.05% 15.05%
F (Freeport) 0% 0% 15.05% 15.05%
H (apprentice under 25) 0% 0% 0% 15.05%
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) 0% 0% 15.05% 15.05%
J 0% 15.05% 15.05% 15.05%
L (Freeport — deferment) 0% 0% 15.05% 15.05%
M (under 21) 0% 0% 0% 15.05%
S (Freeport — state pensioner) 0% 0% 15.05% 15.05%
V (veteran) 0% 0% 0% 15.05%
Z (under 21 — deferment) 0% 0% 0% 15.05%

Employee (primary) contribution rates from 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023

Employee (primary) contribution rates from 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023

Deduct primary contributions (employee’s National Insurance) from your employees’ pay through PAYE.

National Insurance category letter Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including primary threshold Earnings above primary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit
A 0% 12% 2%
B 0% 5.85% 2%
C nil nil nil
F (Freeport) 0% 12% 2%
H (apprentice under 25) 0% 12% 2%
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) 0% 5.85% 2%
J 0% 2% 2%
L (Freeport — deferment) 0% 2% 2%
M (under 21) 0% 12% 2%
S (Freeport — state pensioner) nil nil nil
V (veteran) 0% 12% 2%
Z (under 21 — deferment) 0% 2% 2%

✅ People also view : tesco bank car insurance

Employer (secondary) contribution rates from 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023

Employer (secondary) contribution rates from 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023

You pay secondary contributions (employer’s National Insurance) to HMRC as part of your PAYE bill. Find out more about running payroll and paying HMRC.

Pay employers’ PAYE tax and National Insurance.

National Insurance category letter Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including secondary threshold Earnings above secondary threshold up to and including Freeport upper secondary threshold Earnings above Freeport upper secondary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans
A 0% 13.8% 13.8% 13.8%
B 0% 13.8% 13.8% 13.8%
C 0% 13.8% 13.8% 13.8%
F (Freeport) 0% 0% 13.8% 13.8%
H (apprentice under 25) 0% 0% 0% 13.8%
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) 0% 0% 13.8% 13.8%
J 0% 13.8% 13.8% 13.8%
L (Freeport — deferment) 0% 0% 13.8% 13.8%
M (under 21) 0% 0% 0% 13.8%
S (Freeport — state pensioner) 0% 0% 13.8% 13.8%
V (veteran) 0% 0% 0% 13.8%
Z (under 21 — deferment) 0% 0% 0% 13.8%

Directors: (primary) contribution rates

Directors: (primary) contribution rates

These rates apply for the whole tax year when not using the alternative calculation method.

Deduct primary National Insurance contributions from your directors’ pay through PAYE.

National Insurance category letter Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including primary threshold Earnings above the primary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit
A 0% 12.73% 2.73%
B 0% 6.58% 2.73%
C nil nil nil
F (Freeport) 0% 12.73% 2.73%
H (apprentice under 25) 0% 12.73% 2.73%
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) 0% 6.58% 2.73%
J 0% 2.73% 2.73%
L (Freeport — deferment) 0% 2.73% 2.73%
M (under 21) 0% 12.73% 2.73%
S (Freeport — state pensioner) nil nil nil
V (veteran) 0% 12.73% 2.73%
Z (under 21 — deferment) 0% 2.73% 2.73%

✅ People also view : 1 day car insurance

Directors: employer (secondary) contribution rates

Directors: employer (secondary) contribution rates

These rates apply for the whole tax year when not using the alternative calculation method.

You pay secondary contributions (employer’s National Insurance) to HMRC as part of your PAYE bill. Find out more about running payroll and paying HMRC.

Pay employers’ PAYE tax and National Insurance.

National Insurance category letter Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including secondary threshold Earnings above secondary threshold up to and including Freeport upper secondary threshold Earnings above Freeport upper secondary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans
A 0% 14.53% 14.53% 14.53%
B 0% 14.53% 14.53% 14.53%
C 0% 14.53% 14.53% 14.53%
F (Freeport) 0% 0% 14.53% 14.53%
H (apprentice under 25) 0% 0% 0% 14.53%
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) 0% 0% 14.53% 14.53%
J 0% 14.53% 14.53% 14.53%
L (Freeport — deferment) 0% 0% 14.53% 14.53%
M (under 21) 0% 0% 0% 14.53%
S (Freeport — state pensioner) 0% 0% 14.53% 14.53%
V (veteran) 0% 0% 0% 14.53%
Z (under 21 — deferment) 0% 0% 0% 14.53%

✅ People also view : barclays travel insurance

Class 1A National Insurance: expenses and benefits

Class 1A National Insurance: expenses and benefits

You must pay Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits you give to your employees, for example a company mobile phone. You report and pay Class 1A on expenses and benefits at the end of each tax year.

Find out more about expenses and benefits for employers.

✅ People also view : kennel club insurance

Class 1A National Insurance: termination awards and sporting testimonial payments

Class 1A National Insurance: termination awards and sporting testimonial payments

Class 1A National Insurance contributions are due on the amount of termination awards paid to employees which are over £30,000 and on the amount of sporting testimonial payments paid by independent committees which are over £100,000. You report and pay Class 1A on these types of payments during the tax year as part of your payroll.

The National Insurance Class 1A rate for all employees, including directors, on termination awards and sporting testimonial payments for 2022 to 2023 is:

  • 15.05% on employee payments made 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022
  • 13.8% on employee payments made 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023

Pay employers’ Class 1A National Insurance.

✅ People also view : life insurance

Class 1B National Insurance: PAYE Settlement Agreements (PSAs)

Class 1B National Insurance: PAYE Settlement Agreements (PSAs)

You pay Class 1B National Insurance if you have a PAYE Settlement Agreement. This allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on small or irregular taxable expenses or benefits for your employees.

Pay Class 1B National Insurance.

✅ People also view : critical illness insurance

National Minimum Wage

National Minimum Wage

The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to by law. Find out more about who can get the minimum wage.

Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if you’re paying a worker the National Minimum Wage or if you owe them payments from past years.

These rates apply from 1 April 2022.

Category of worker Hourly rate
Aged 23 and above (national living wage rate) £9.50
Aged 21 to 22 inclusive £9.18
Aged 18 to 20 inclusive £6.83
Aged under 18 (but above compulsory school leaving age) £4.81
Apprentices aged under 19 £4.81
Apprentices aged 19 and over, but in the first year of their apprenticeship £4.81

Check National Minimum Wage rates for previous years.

Use the maternity, adoption and paternity calculator for employers to work out your employee’s:

  • Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)
  • paternity or adoption pay
  • qualifying week
  • average weekly earnings
  • leave period

These rates apply from 3 April 2022.

Type of payment or recovery 2022 to 2023 rate
Statutory Maternity Pay — weekly rate for first 6 weeks 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings
Statutory Maternity Pay — weekly rate for remaining weeks £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower
Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) — weekly rate £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower
Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP) — weekly rate for first 6 weeks 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings
Statutory Adoption Pay — weekly rate for remaining weeks £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower
Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) —weekly rate £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower
Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay (SPBP) — weekly rate £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower
SMP, SPP, ShPP, SAP or SPBP — proportion of your payments you can recover from HMRC 92% if your total Class 1 National Insurance (both employee and employer contributions) is above £45,000 for the previous tax year

103% if your total Class 1 National Insurance for the previous tax year is £45,000 or lower

The same weekly Statutory Sick Pay rate applies to all employees. However, the amount you must actually pay an employee for each day they’re off work due to illness (the daily rate) depends on the number of ‘qualifying days’ they work each week.

Use the Statutory Sick Pay calculator to work out your employee’s sick pay, or use these rates.

Unrounded daily rates Number of qualifying days in week 1 day to pay 2 days to pay 3 days to pay 4 days to pay 5 days to pay 6 days to pay 7 days to pay
£14.1929 7 £14.20 £28.39 £42.58 £56.78 £70.97 £85.16 £99.35
£16.5583 6 £16.56 £33.12 £49.68 £66.24 £82.80 £99.35
£19.87 5 £19.87 £39.74 £59.61 £79.48 £99.35
£24.8375 4 £24.84 £49.68 £74.52 £99.35
£33.1167 3 £33.12 £66.24 £99.35
£49.675 2 £49.68 £99.35
£99.35 1 £99.35

✅ People also view : post office travel insurance

Student loan and postgraduate loan recovery

Student loan and postgraduate loan recovery

If your employees’ earnings are above the earnings threshold, record their student loan and postgraduate loan deductions in your payroll software. It will automatically calculate and deduct repayments from their pay.

Rate or threshold 2022 to 2023 rate
Employee earnings threshold for student loan plan 1 £20,195 per year£1,682.91 per month£388.36 per week
Employee earnings threshold for student loan plan 2 £27,295 per year£2,274.58 per month£524.90 per week
Employee earnings threshold for student loan plan 4 £25,375 per year£2,114.58 per month£487.98 per week
Student loan deductions 9%
Employee earnings threshold for postgraduate loan £21,000 per year£1,750.00 per month£403.84 per week
Postgraduate loan deductions 6%

Company cars: advisory fuel rates

Company cars: advisory fuel rates

Use advisory fuel rates to work out mileage costs if you provide company cars to your employees.

These rates apply from 1 September 2022.

Engine size Petrol — amount per mile LPG — amount per mile
1400cc or less 15 pence 9 pence
1401cc to 2000cc 18 pence 11 pence
Over 2000cc 27 pence 17 pence
Engine size Diesel — amount per mile
1600cc or less 14 pence
1601cc to 2000cc 17 pence
Over 2000cc 22 pence

Hybrid cars are treated as either petrol or diesel cars for this purpose.

Check advisory fuel rates for previous periods.

Advisory electricity rate for fully electric cars from 1 December 2022

Advisory electricity rate for fully electric cars from 1 December 2022

Amount per mile: 8 pence.

Electricity is not a fuel for car fuel benefit purposes.

Employee vehicles: mileage allowance payments

Employee vehicles: mileage allowance payments

Mileage allowance payments are what you pay your employees for using their own vehicle for business journeys.

You can pay your employees an approved amount of mileage allowance payments each year without having to report them to HMRC. To work out the approved amount, multiply your employee’s business travel miles for the year by the rate per mile for their vehicle.

Find out more about reporting and paying mileage allowance payments.

Type of vehicle Rate per business mile 2022 to 2023
Car For tax purposes: 45 pence for the first 10,000 business miles in a tax year, then 25 pence for each subsequent mile

For National Insurance purposes: 45 pence for all business miles

Motorcycle 24 pence for both tax and National Insurance purposes and for all business miles
Cycle 20 pence for both tax and National Insurance purposes and for all business miles

Employment Allowance

Employment Allowance

Employment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to the annual allowance amount.

Allowance 2022 to 2023 rate
Employment Allowance £5,000

Apprenticeship Levy

Apprenticeship Levy

Employers and connected companies with a total annual pay bill of more than £3 million, are liable to the Apprenticeship Levy, which is payable monthly. Employers who are not connected to another company or charity will have an annual allowance that reduces the amount of Apprenticeship Levy you have to pay. Apprenticeship Levy is charged at a percentage of your annual pay bill.

Allowance or charge 2022 to 2023 rate
Apprenticeship Levy allowance £15,000
Apprenticeship Levy charge 0.5%


Related Posts

Best Cruise Insurance Plans Of February 2023

The post Best Cruise Insurance Plans Of February 2023 article about travel insurance this times many people want to know !! Today, Begin insuranceblog find Best Cruise…

Critical Illness Insurance | MetLife

The post Critical Illness Insurance | MetLife article about Blog insurance this times many people want to know !! Today, Begin insuranceblog find Critical Illness Insurance |…

COVID-19 Travel Insurance – Coronavirus Travel Insurance

The post COVID-19 Travel Insurance – Coronavirus Travel Insurance article about insurance this times many people want to know !! Today, Begin insuranceblog.us find COVID-19 Travel Insurance…

What National Insurance do I pay if I am self-employed?

The post What National Insurance do I pay if I am self-employed? article about insurance this times many people want to know !! Today, Begin https://insuranceblog.us/ find…

VINCheck® Lookup | National Insurance Crime Bureau

The post VINCheck® Lookup | National Insurance Crime Bureau article about travel insurance this times many people want to know !! Today, Begin https://insuranceblog.us/ find VINCheck® Lookup…

Vehicle insurance

The post Vehicle insurance article about insurance this times many people want to know !! Today, Begin insuranceblog.us find Vehicle insurance more this post ! You are…

This Post Has One Comment

  1. Lives of Ukrainian Refugees Matter.
    UK’s Prime Minister Johnson chooses protecting the Loot of his Oligarch buddies over Ukrainian Refugees. Boris Johnson’s history shows him to be, an amoral duplicitous liar, he now acts as caretaker for the loot of Putin’s Oligarch lackeys. Meanwhile Predators and human traffickers prey on vulnerable Refugee families.
    Boris Johnson must be investigated in order to ensure Putin does not get seized assets returned by the back door
    Putin’s assets that are held by front men / Oligarchs in different parts of the UK must be made available as Euros to the Ukrainian Refugees to allow them to rebuild their lives, Then a fund to rebuild infrastructure in Ukraine destroyed by Putin.
    British Conservative establishment connections to Putin’s money and assets in LONDONGRAD requires urgent transparent investigation
    Boris Johnson delays and vacillates when the action needed is clear and obvious TURN OLIGARCHS ASSETS INTO EUROS, AND THEN INTO THE POSSESION OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES. This action of course creates a monumental Dilemma for Boris Johnson due to the massive amount of Largesse the Conservatives are beholden to the Oligarchs for. The reality is Putin is still pulling this present British gvmnt strings. Lets stop pretending that we do not know Putin’s footmen the ‘OLIGARCHS” and UK Tories led by Johnson are knee deep in kickbacks sleaze and corruption together. Putin’s “Laundered Londongrad Loot “will never be put in the hands of Ukrainian displaced Mothers as Euros. Oligarchs and Refugees are connected the solution to one is the other. The problem is Boris will stop this solution at all costs.
    What a nice bunch of Boys run the UK “Pass the Caviar Jacob” Considering Johnson’s track record in relation to the truth or following through on a statement or promise its unlikely he has any intention whatsoever of seriously stripping the Oligarchs of their Criminal wealth. Hypocrisy of words and no action is of no value Mister Johnson. What is needed is a declaration and action to grab the Oligarchs / Putin’s assets in London, plus a clear statement of intent what these funds will be used for.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *