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Changes were made at both the 2021 Budget and 2022 spring statement so in this video, I am going to discuss how all the new NIC changes are going to impact you and your take home pay. National insurance contributions are a sneaky form of taxes so they could impact your take home pay much more than you may first think
Be sure to check out these recent videos of mine to learn more about the world of tax:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhpPDH1pmPV4XI25PcD2ewqUvxWQqlQnH
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The Health and Social Care Levy is no longer going ahead.
The temporary 1.25 percentage point increase in National Insurance rates has been reversed for the rest of the financial year.
The introduction of a separate Health and Social Care Levy tax in April 2023 has been cancelled.
Unless otherwise stated, the following figures apply from 6 April 2022 to 5 April 2023.
PAYE tax and Class 1 National Insurance contributions

You normally operate PAYE as part of your payroll so HMRC can collect Income Tax and National Insurance from your employees.
Your payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance to deduct from your employees’ pay. If you decide to run payroll yourself, you can find payroll software.
Watch more videos on the same topic : National Insurance Changes that YOU Need to Know About! – 2022/2023 Tax Year
Video Description
Rishi Sunak has made a range of changes to the rates and thresholds for national insurance for the 2022/2023 tax yearnnChanges were made at both the 2021 Budget and 2022 spring statement so in this video, I am going to discuss how all the new NIC changes are going to impact you and your take home pay. National insurance contributions are a sneaky form of taxes so they could impact your take home pay much more than you may first thinknnBe sure to check out these recent videos of mine to learn more about the world of tax:nnhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhpPDH1pmPV4XI25PcD2ewqUvxWQqlQnHnn————————————n– Courses–nFREE Finance Tracker – https://gumroad.com/l/finance-tracker-spreadsheetnFREE Income Tax Template – https://gumroad.com/l/IncomeTaxTemplatenPersonal Tax Masterclass – https://makingtaxsimple.gumroad.com/l/PersonalTaxMasterclassnReal Time Crypto and Stocks Tracker and Guidance – https://gumroad.com/l/CGTandCryptoTaxEssentialsn————————————nSocials:nTwitter – https://twitter.com/MakingTaxSimpl1nInstagram – https://www.instagram.com/makingtaxsimpleuk/n————————————nIf you do have any comments or suggestions about how I could improve the videos or topics that you would like to see me cover then comment those underneath the video and I will get back to you!nnBe sure to:nSubscribe,nLike,nComment,nand Share!nn—————————————nnPlease note that these videos and comments are for education and entertainment purposes only. All information that I provide is believed to be correct but please be aware that there may be inaccuracies.nn#taxation #learnabouttax #financialeducation
Tax thresholds, rates and codes

The amount of Income Tax you deduct from your employees depends on their tax code and how much of their taxable income is above their Personal Allowance.
England and Northern Ireland

PAYE tax rates and thresholds | 2022 to 2023 |
---|---|
Employee personal allowance | £242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year |
English and Northern Irish basic tax rate | 20% on annual earnings above the PAYE tax threshold and up to £37,700 |
English and Northern Irish higher tax rate | 40% on annual earnings from £37,701 to £150,000 |
English and Northern Irish additional tax rate | 45% on annual earnings above £150,000 |
Scotland
PAYE tax rates and thresholds | 2022 to 2023 |
---|---|
Employee personal allowance | £242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year |
Scottish starter tax rate | 19% on annual earnings above the PAYE tax threshold and up to £2,162 |
Scottish basic tax rate | 20% on annual earnings from £2,163 to £13,118 |
Scottish intermediate tax rate | 21% on annual earnings from £13,119 to £31,092 |
Scottish higher tax rate | 41% on annual earnings from £31,093 to £150,000 |
Scottish top tax rate | 46% on annual earnings above £150,000 |
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Wales
PAYE tax rates and thresholds | 2022 to 2023 |
---|---|
Employee personal allowance | £242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year |
Welsh basic tax rate | 20% on annual earnings above the PAYE tax threshold and up to £37,700 |
Welsh higher tax rate | 40% on annual earnings from £37,701 to £150,000 |
Welsh additional tax rate | 45% on annual earnings above £150,000 |
Emergency tax codes

The emergency tax codes from 6 April 2022 are:
- 1257L W1
- 1257L M1
- 1257L X
Find out more about emergency tax codes.
Class 1 National Insurance thresholds
You can only make National Insurance deductions on earnings above the lower earnings limit.
Class 1 National Insurance thresholds | 2022 to 2023 |
---|---|
Lower earnings limit | £123 per week£533 per month£6,396 per year |
Primary threshold | 6 April 2022 to 5 July 2022:
£190 per week£823 per month£9,880 per year 6 July 2022 to 5 April 2023: £242 per week£1,048 per month£12,570 per year DirectorsFor the whole tax year: £229 per week£11,908 per year |
Secondary threshold | £175 per week£758 per month£9,100 per year |
Freeport upper secondary threshold | £481 per week£2,083 per month£25,000 per year |
Upper secondary threshold (under 21) | £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year |
Apprentice upper secondary threshold (apprentice under 25) | £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year |
Veterans upper secondary threshold | £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year |
Upper earnings limit | £967 per week£4,189 per month£50,270 per year |
Class 1 National Insurance rates

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Employee (primary) contribution rates from 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022

Deduct primary contributions (employee’s National Insurance) from your employees’ pay through PAYE.
National Insurance category letter | Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including primary threshold | Earnings above the primary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit | Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit |
---|---|---|---|
A | 0% | 13.25% | 3.25% |
B | 0% | 7.1% | 3.25% |
C | nil | nil | nil |
F (Freeport) | 0% | 13.25% | 3.25% |
H (apprentice under 25) | 0% | 13.25% | 3.25% |
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) | 0% | 7.1% | 3.25% |
J | 0% | 3.25% | 3.25% |
L (Freeport — deferment) | 0% | 3.25% | 3.25% |
M (under 21) | 0% | 13.25% | 3.25% |
S (Freeport — state pensioner) | nil | nil | nil |
V (veteran) | 0% | 13.25% | 3.25% |
Z (under 21 — deferment) | 0% | 3.25% | 3.25% |
Employer (secondary) contribution rates from 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022

You pay secondary contributions (employer’s National Insurance) to HMRC as part of your PAYE bill. Find out more about running payroll and paying HMRC.
Pay employers’ PAYE tax and National Insurance.
National Insurance category letter | Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including secondary threshold | Earnings above secondary threshold up to and including Freeport upper secondary threshold | Earnings above Freeport upper secondary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans | Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
B | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
C | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
F (Freeport) | 0% | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
H (apprentice under 25) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 15.05% |
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) | 0% | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
J | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
L (Freeport — deferment) | 0% | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
M (under 21) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 15.05% |
S (Freeport — state pensioner) | 0% | 0% | 15.05% | 15.05% |
V (veteran) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 15.05% |
Z (under 21 — deferment) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 15.05% |
Employee (primary) contribution rates from 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023

Deduct primary contributions (employee’s National Insurance) from your employees’ pay through PAYE.
National Insurance category letter | Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including primary threshold | Earnings above primary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit | Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit |
---|---|---|---|
A | 0% | 12% | 2% |
B | 0% | 5.85% | 2% |
C | nil | nil | nil |
F (Freeport) | 0% | 12% | 2% |
H (apprentice under 25) | 0% | 12% | 2% |
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) | 0% | 5.85% | 2% |
J | 0% | 2% | 2% |
L (Freeport — deferment) | 0% | 2% | 2% |
M (under 21) | 0% | 12% | 2% |
S (Freeport — state pensioner) | nil | nil | nil |
V (veteran) | 0% | 12% | 2% |
Z (under 21 — deferment) | 0% | 2% | 2% |
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Employer (secondary) contribution rates from 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023

You pay secondary contributions (employer’s National Insurance) to HMRC as part of your PAYE bill. Find out more about running payroll and paying HMRC.
Pay employers’ PAYE tax and National Insurance.
National Insurance category letter | Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including secondary threshold | Earnings above secondary threshold up to and including Freeport upper secondary threshold | Earnings above Freeport upper secondary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans | Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
B | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
C | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
F (Freeport) | 0% | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
H (apprentice under 25) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 13.8% |
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) | 0% | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
J | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
L (Freeport — deferment) | 0% | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
M (under 21) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 13.8% |
S (Freeport — state pensioner) | 0% | 0% | 13.8% | 13.8% |
V (veteran) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 13.8% |
Z (under 21 — deferment) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 13.8% |
Directors: (primary) contribution rates

These rates apply for the whole tax year when not using the alternative calculation method.
Deduct primary National Insurance contributions from your directors’ pay through PAYE.
National Insurance category letter | Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including primary threshold | Earnings above the primary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit | Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit |
---|---|---|---|
A | 0% | 12.73% | 2.73% |
B | 0% | 6.58% | 2.73% |
C | nil | nil | nil |
F (Freeport) | 0% | 12.73% | 2.73% |
H (apprentice under 25) | 0% | 12.73% | 2.73% |
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) | 0% | 6.58% | 2.73% |
J | 0% | 2.73% | 2.73% |
L (Freeport — deferment) | 0% | 2.73% | 2.73% |
M (under 21) | 0% | 12.73% | 2.73% |
S (Freeport — state pensioner) | nil | nil | nil |
V (veteran) | 0% | 12.73% | 2.73% |
Z (under 21 — deferment) | 0% | 2.73% | 2.73% |
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Directors: employer (secondary) contribution rates

These rates apply for the whole tax year when not using the alternative calculation method.
You pay secondary contributions (employer’s National Insurance) to HMRC as part of your PAYE bill. Find out more about running payroll and paying HMRC.
Pay employers’ PAYE tax and National Insurance.
National Insurance category letter | Earnings at or above lower earnings limit up to and including secondary threshold | Earnings above secondary threshold up to and including Freeport upper secondary threshold | Earnings above Freeport upper secondary threshold up to and including upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans | Balance of earnings above upper earnings limit, upper secondary thresholds for under 21s, apprentices and veterans |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
B | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
C | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
F (Freeport) | 0% | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
H (apprentice under 25) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 14.53% |
I (Freeport — married women and widows reduced rate) | 0% | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
J | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
L (Freeport — deferment) | 0% | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
M (under 21) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 14.53% |
S (Freeport — state pensioner) | 0% | 0% | 14.53% | 14.53% |
V (veteran) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 14.53% |
Z (under 21 — deferment) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 14.53% |
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Class 1A National Insurance: expenses and benefits

You must pay Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits you give to your employees, for example a company mobile phone. You report and pay Class 1A on expenses and benefits at the end of each tax year.
Find out more about expenses and benefits for employers.
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Class 1A National Insurance: termination awards and sporting testimonial payments

Class 1A National Insurance contributions are due on the amount of termination awards paid to employees which are over £30,000 and on the amount of sporting testimonial payments paid by independent committees which are over £100,000. You report and pay Class 1A on these types of payments during the tax year as part of your payroll.
The National Insurance Class 1A rate for all employees, including directors, on termination awards and sporting testimonial payments for 2022 to 2023 is:
- 15.05% on employee payments made 6 April 2022 to 5 November 2022
- 13.8% on employee payments made 6 November 2022 to 5 April 2023
Pay employers’ Class 1A National Insurance.
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Class 1B National Insurance: PAYE Settlement Agreements (PSAs)

You pay Class 1B National Insurance if you have a PAYE Settlement Agreement. This allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on small or irregular taxable expenses or benefits for your employees.
Pay Class 1B National Insurance.
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National Minimum Wage

The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to by law. Find out more about who can get the minimum wage.
Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if you’re paying a worker the National Minimum Wage or if you owe them payments from past years.
These rates apply from 1 April 2022.
Category of worker | Hourly rate |
---|---|
Aged 23 and above (national living wage rate) | £9.50 |
Aged 21 to 22 inclusive | £9.18 |
Aged 18 to 20 inclusive | £6.83 |
Aged under 18 (but above compulsory school leaving age) | £4.81 |
Apprentices aged under 19 | £4.81 |
Apprentices aged 19 and over, but in the first year of their apprenticeship | £4.81 |
Check National Minimum Wage rates for previous years.
Use the maternity, adoption and paternity calculator for employers to work out your employee’s:
- Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)
- paternity or adoption pay
- qualifying week
- average weekly earnings
- leave period
These rates apply from 3 April 2022.
Type of payment or recovery | 2022 to 2023 rate |
---|---|
Statutory Maternity Pay — weekly rate for first 6 weeks | 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings |
Statutory Maternity Pay — weekly rate for remaining weeks | £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower |
Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) — weekly rate | £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower |
Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP) — weekly rate for first 6 weeks | 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings |
Statutory Adoption Pay — weekly rate for remaining weeks | £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower |
Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) —weekly rate | £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower |
Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay (SPBP) — weekly rate | £156.66 or 90% of the employee’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower |
SMP, SPP, ShPP, SAP or SPBP — proportion of your payments you can recover from HMRC | 92% if your total Class 1 National Insurance (both employee and
employer contributions) is above £45,000 for the previous tax year
103% if your total Class 1 National Insurance for the previous tax year is £45,000 or lower |
The same weekly Statutory Sick Pay rate applies to all employees. However, the amount you must actually pay an employee for each day they’re off work due to illness (the daily rate) depends on the number of ‘qualifying days’ they work each week.
Use the Statutory Sick Pay calculator to work out your employee’s sick pay, or use these rates.
Unrounded daily rates | Number of qualifying days in week | 1 day to pay | 2 days to pay | 3 days to pay | 4 days to pay | 5 days to pay | 6 days to pay | 7 days to pay |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
£14.1929 | 7 | £14.20 | £28.39 | £42.58 | £56.78 | £70.97 | £85.16 | £99.35 |
£16.5583 | 6 | £16.56 | £33.12 | £49.68 | £66.24 | £82.80 | £99.35 | — |
£19.87 | 5 | £19.87 | £39.74 | £59.61 | £79.48 | £99.35 | — | — |
£24.8375 | 4 | £24.84 | £49.68 | £74.52 | £99.35 | — | — | — |
£33.1167 | 3 | £33.12 | £66.24 | £99.35 | — | — | — | — |
£49.675 | 2 | £49.68 | £99.35 | — | — | — | — | — |
£99.35 | 1 | £99.35 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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Student loan and postgraduate loan recovery
If your employees’ earnings are above the earnings threshold, record their student loan and postgraduate loan deductions in your payroll software. It will automatically calculate and deduct repayments from their pay.
Rate or threshold | 2022 to 2023 rate |
---|---|
Employee earnings threshold for student loan plan 1 | £20,195 per year£1,682.91 per month£388.36 per week |
Employee earnings threshold for student loan plan 2 | £27,295 per year£2,274.58 per month£524.90 per week |
Employee earnings threshold for student loan plan 4 | £25,375 per year£2,114.58 per month£487.98 per week |
Student loan deductions | 9% |
Employee earnings threshold for postgraduate loan | £21,000 per year£1,750.00 per month£403.84 per week |
Postgraduate loan deductions | 6% |
Company cars: advisory fuel rates

Use advisory fuel rates to work out mileage costs if you provide company cars to your employees.
These rates apply from 1 September 2022.
Engine size | Petrol — amount per mile | LPG — amount per mile |
---|---|---|
1400cc or less | 15 pence | 9 pence |
1401cc to 2000cc | 18 pence | 11 pence |
Over 2000cc | 27 pence | 17 pence |
Engine size | Diesel — amount per mile |
---|---|
1600cc or less | 14 pence |
1601cc to 2000cc | 17 pence |
Over 2000cc | 22 pence |
Hybrid cars are treated as either petrol or diesel cars for this purpose.
Check advisory fuel rates for previous periods.
Advisory electricity rate for fully electric cars from 1 December 2022

Amount per mile: 8 pence.
Electricity is not a fuel for car fuel benefit purposes.
Employee vehicles: mileage allowance payments

Mileage allowance payments are what you pay your employees for using their own vehicle for business journeys.
You can pay your employees an approved amount of mileage allowance payments each year without having to report them to HMRC. To work out the approved amount, multiply your employee’s business travel miles for the year by the rate per mile for their vehicle.
Find out more about reporting and paying mileage allowance payments.
Type of vehicle | Rate per business mile 2022 to 2023 |
---|---|
Car | For tax purposes: 45 pence for the first 10,000 business miles
in a tax year, then 25 pence for each subsequent mile
For National Insurance purposes: 45 pence for all business miles |
Motorcycle | 24 pence for both tax and National Insurance purposes and for all business miles |
Cycle | 20 pence for both tax and National Insurance purposes and for all business miles |
Employment Allowance

Employment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to the annual allowance amount.
Allowance | 2022 to 2023 rate |
---|---|
Employment Allowance | £5,000 |
Apprenticeship Levy

Employers and connected companies with a total annual pay bill of more than £3 million, are liable to the Apprenticeship Levy, which is payable monthly. Employers who are not connected to another company or charity will have an annual allowance that reduces the amount of Apprenticeship Levy you have to pay. Apprenticeship Levy is charged at a percentage of your annual pay bill.
Allowance or charge | 2022 to 2023 rate |
---|---|
Apprenticeship Levy allowance | £15,000 |
Apprenticeship Levy charge | 0.5% |
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